RP1210 Protocols |
J2534 Protocols |
Standards |
Other Protocols |
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ADAPTER TUTORIAL
Example adapters at bottom of page
This page is designed to inform you on some basic facts about diagnostic adapters and to help you decide on what adapter you need or if the adapter you already have is all you need. Please take a few moments to read the entire page as it will help you make the right choices when it comes to diagnostic protocol adapters.
The USB and Serial ports on your computer can not connect directly to the diagnostic port on the vehicle you wish to diagnose therefore you need some form of adapter to convert the diagnostic signals to something your computer can read.
There are three Popular adapter types based on the API (Application Interface)
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RP1210 This is a Heavy Duty API that supports a variety of protocols including J1587, J1708 and J1939 but may also support OBD-II protocols and Proprietary OEM Protocols |
J2534 This API is generally used for OBD-II and Pass-Thru functions. The supported protocols for this API are J1850VPW, J1850PWM, ISO9141, ISO14230, and ISO15765. It provides filtering, buffering and a variety of other features |
ELM Although this is not an API but rather a chip ID, we included it here to clear up confusion. The ELM Adapter is an inexpensive pass-thru device for OBD-II and possibly J1939. It is generally considered a DIY device and is not supported by most Heavy Duty software Including PF-Diagnose. |
In the Trucking Industry, the RP1210 API has been the required method for communicating and controlling adapters used to connect the truck to the diagnostic computer. The J2534 API is a commonly used interface for controlling adapters used in the light duty or Automotive industry.
In recent years, Medium duty has been mandated by law to convert from Protocols such as J1708, a Heavy Duty Protocol, and J1850, an OBD-II protocol, over to CAN or ISO15765
Soon All vehicles including Heavy Duty will be required to switch to one common protocol but until then there is much confusion, Many protocols and many adapters.
The schedule for conversion varies.
The Regulations set out technical standards for vehicles and engines for exhaust, evaporative and crankcase emissions, on-board diagnostic systems and other specifications related to emission control systems. The intention of the Regulations is to ensure that vehicles and engines meeting more stringent exhaust emission standards will begin entering the Canadian market in the 2004 model year and will be phased-in over the 2004 to 2010 model year period. The phase-in schedules vary by standard and by vehicle class and can be summarized as follows: Tier 2 standards for light-duty vehicles and light light-duty trucks (2004-2007); Tier 2 standards for heavy light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles (2004-2009); Phase 1 (2005) and Phase 2 (2008-2009) standards for complete heavy-duty vehicles; and Phase 1 (2004-2006) and Phase 2 (2007-2010) standards for heavy-duty engines.
During any phase-in period, every model of vehicle or engine that is certified by the US EPA, and that is sold concurrently in Canada and the United States, is required to meet the same emission standards in Canada as in the United States. Canadian vehicles will therefore have progressively improved emission performance without specifying interim phase-in percentages in the Regulations. The final phased-in standards apply to all vehicles and engines sold in Canada, in the model year that they apply, to 100% of a class of vehicles or engines in the United States.
| Class | GVWR, kg (lb) |
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| Motorcycle | ≤793 (1,749) |
| Light-Duty Vehicle | ≤3,856 (8,500) |
| Light-Duty Truck | ≤3,856 (8,500) |
| - light light-duty truck | ≤2,722 (6,000) |
| - heavy light-duty truck | >2,722 to 3,856 (6,000 to 8,500) |
| Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicle | 3,856 to <4,536 (8,500 to 10,000) |
| Complete Heavy-Duty Vehicle (Otto cycle only) | 3,856 to 6,350 (8,500 to 14,000) |
| Heavy-Duty Vehicle/Heavy-Duty Engine | >3,856 (8,500) |
| - light heavy-duty engine | <8,847 (19,500) |
| - medium heavy-duty engine | 8,847 to 14,971 (19,500 to 33,000) |
| - heavy heavy-duty engine | >14,971 (33,000) |
Some manufacturers of adapters have stepped up to the plate and combined the J2534 OBD-II API and the RP1210 API into one device. This device may or may not support all of the protocols within each API so be careful when buying a device to ensure it has all of the protocols you require.
Here is a brief guide
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J1708/J1587 Heavy Duty Trucks
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J1939 Heavy Duty Trucks after 2005 may support this protocol alone or with J1708
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ISO15765 (CAN) All Medium and Light duty OBD-II vehicles after 2004
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J1850VPW GM and Chrysler Legacy (Before 2005)
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J1850PWM Ford Legacy (Before 2005)
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ISO9141 Japanese Imports
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ISO14230 Asian Imports
Some manufactures support the above protocols but require OEM Software to access them through a diagnostic module such as Fuso, We list vehicles we have tested, we have not tested them all so in some cases you will have to try it for yourself. See our specific software More Info tab for a list of tested vehicles
PF-Diagnose Supports the following protocols
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RP1210 API: J1587, J1708, J1939
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J2534 API: J1850PWM, J1850VPW, ISO9141, ISO14230, ISO14230 Fast Init, ISO15765(CAN) 11 Bit and ISO15765 (CAN) 29 bit.
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Dearborn DPA5 RECOMMENDED ADAPTER for HD and OBD-II |
Comes with :
The DPA 5 kit with Dual-CAN and Bluetooth support. Includes Class I (long range) Bluetooth dongle (IOGear GBU321). Comes in a ruggedized, lockable plastic box. This is a Dealer Level adapter available to anyone. Supports PF-Diagnose protocols: J1850, J1708, J1939, J1850VPW, ISO9141,ISO14230, ISO15765 (CAN) Cost: $795.00 CDN
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Dearborn DPA4+ RECOMMENDED ADAPTER for HD ONLY
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Comes with :
The DPA4+ kit Comes in a ruggedized, plastic box. This is a Dealer Level adapter available to anyone. Supports PF-Diagnose protocols: J1850, J1708, J1939, J1850VPW, ISO15765 (CAN) Cost: $749.00 CDN
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Dearborn VSI 2534 ADAPTER for OBD-II Only
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If you need Legacy FORD coverage Ford Trucks before 2008 Includes: VSI-2534, storage case, OBDII cable, USB cable, CD containing drivers/manuals/free software and Quickstart guide. Supports PF-Diagnose protocols: J1850VPW, J1850PWM, ISO9141,ISO14230, ISO15765 (CAN)
Cost: $1,125.00 CDN
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